Russia's Putin sends the West a warning over nuclear testing

President Vladimir Putin on Thursday held out the possibility that Russia could resume nuclear testing for the first time in over three decades and might withdraw its ratification of a landmark nuclear test ban treaty.

Putin, the ultimate decision maker in the world's biggest nuclear power, also said that Moscow had successfully tested a nuclear-powered and nuclear-capable cruise missile - the Burevestnik - whose capabilities he has called unmatched.

The Kremlin chief said there was no need to change Russia's nuclear doctrine however, as any attack on Russia would provoke a split-second response with hundreds of nuclear missiles that no enemy could survive.

"Do we need to change this? And why? Everything can be changed but I just don't see the need for it," Putin said of the nuclear doctrine, saying the existence of the Russian state was not under threat.

"I think no person of sound mind and clear memory would think of using nuclear weapons against Russia," he said.

"I hear calls to start testing nuclear weapons, to return to testing," Putin added, referring to suggestions from hardline political scientists and commentators who say such a move could send a powerful message to Moscow's enemies in the West.

He noted that the US had signed the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test Ban Treaty but not ratified it while Russia had signed and ratified it.

"I am not ready to say whether we really need to conduct tests or not, but it is possible theoretically to behave in the same way as the US," Putin said.

"But this is a question for the deputies of the State Duma (lower house of parliament). Theoretically, it is possible to withdraw this ratification. That would be enough," he said.

He was answering a question from hardline Russian political scientist Sergei Karaganov who wants a tougher nuclear stance.

Military analysts say a resumption of nuclear testing by Russia, the US or both would be profoundly destabilising at a time when tensions between the two countries are greater than at any time in the past 60 years.

In February, Putin suspended Russia's participation in the New START treaty that limits the number of nuclear weapons each side can deploy.

Putin said on Thursday that Russia had almost finished work on its new generation of Sarmat intercontinental ballistic missiles, which are capable of carrying 10 or more nuclear warheads.

And Russia, he said, had also successfully tested the Burevestnik nuclear-powered cruise missile. He did not say when.

Putin accused the West of losing touch with reality over the Ukraine war. If its leaders had forgotten how to compromise then the world would have to see where such arrogance led, he warned.

Putin said it was the West that had fomented the conflict in Ukraine, which he cast as part of a much larger struggle between Russia and an arrogant West which he said had lost a sense of reality in the decades since the 1991 fall of the Soviet Union.

As he spoke the rouble fell below 100 per US dollar. The rouble was trading at around 80 per US dollar the day before Putin ordered troops into Ukraine on Feb 24, 2022.

Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine unleashed a war that has devastated swathes of eastern and southern Ukraine, killed or injured hundreds of thousands of men and triggered the biggest rupture in Russia's ties with the West for six decades.

The West casts the war as Moscow's biggest strategic blunder since the 1979 Soviet invasion of Afghanistan, and Western leaders say they are arming Ukraine to enable it to defend itself and defeat Russian forces.

A Ukrainian counteroffensive this year has so far failed to yield major territorial success. Ukraine, which casts the war as an imperial style land grab by Russia, says it will not rest until every last Russian soldier is ejected from Ukraine.