Fears of an economic slowdown have gripped China, whose leader skipped the G20 summit.

Trudeau, who attended the G20 Summit in New Delhi, had been due to depart India on the weekend.

G20 is deeply divided over the war in Ukraine, with Western nations pushing for strong condemnation of Russia in the Leaders' Declaration, while others demanded a focus on broader economic issues.

Japan maintains that the water release is safe.

G20 negotiators have been struggling for days to agree on the language because of differences over the war, hoping to get Russia on board to produce a communique.

Nearly 130,000 police and paramilitary security personnel have been deployed across the city, mostly in the New Delhi district, with the air force providing cover from aerial threats.

China has not explained why Xi, who had attended every G20 summit since coming to office over a decade ago, was not leading Beijing's delegation to New Delhi.

This will be the first time that Xi will have missed the annual G20 summit since he became leader of the ruling Communist Party in 2012.

Modi is seeking to boost India's status and promote its causes, such as relief for unsustainable debt, using the global pulpit of the G20 summit starting Sept 9.

Some analysts see it as a signal China is reluctant to confer influence on its southern neighbour that boasts one of the fastest growing major economies as China's slows.

The norms published have been written by the International Sustainability Standards Board as trillions of dollars flow into investments that tout their environmental, social and governance credentials.

New Delhi is hosting the key conference in Kashmir's summer capital Srinagar, a move which Pakistan and longtime ally China have opposed.