More than 30 UN experts and special rapporteurs warn governments, arms manufacturers and investors that they could be held accountable for war crimes.

They cite testimonies that jailed black women had been shackled during childbirth while male inmates were forced to work in 'plantation-style' conditions.

The UN has long argued that the Black Sea deal was a commercial operation and it had benefited poor states by helping lower food prices more than 23% globally since March last year.

Globally, more than 296 million people used drugs in 2021, amounting to an increase of 23% over the previous decade, it says.

Levels of toxic substances in sea organisms and on the seabed are expected to worsen, augmenting the risk from land mines that are washing up on the shoreline.

Countries named include Russia, China, Singapore, and India.

More than 500 people have been killed and tens of thousands of people forced to leave their homes for safer locations within the country or abroad since battles erupted on April 15.

About 75,000 have been displaced by the fighting in Khartoum and the states of Blue Nile, North Kordofan, as well as the western region of Darfur, the UN says.

It says it will not abuse the position to defend its invasion of Ukraine.

The presidency rotates alphabetically each month among the 15 members.

Moscow and Kyiv have accused each other of mistreating prisoners of war since Russian President Vladimir Putin invaded a year ago.

While steadily rising numbers of users are in part due to population growth, the report says it is also indicating a 'rising prevalence of cocaine use'.